Constipação Intestinal entre Discentes de Cursos da Saúde: Prevalência e Impacto na Qualidade de Vida
Resumo
Abstract: The term “intestinal constipation” (or simply “constipation”) describes symptoms related to difficulty in defecating and irregular bowel function, with reduced or difficult bowel movements, hardened stools, or a sensation of incomplete evacuation. Its global prevalence in adults is 10.1%, but few studies have examined its prevalence among healthcare undergraduate students, a population that presumably has greater knowledge about its prevention and will have a future impact on society. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of constipation among undergraduate healthcare students and analyze its impact on quality of life. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted with a sample composed of health-related undergraduate students, collecting sociodemographic data and applying the Rome IV criteria, the Bristol Stool Scale, and the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ). Among the 161 participants included, the prevalence of constipation was 60.9%, being higher among women (66.4%). There was a correlation between the occurrence of constipation and worse quality of life, measured by the IBDQ score (p<0.001 in all domains and in the total IBDQ), with a large effect size in the intestinal domain (r=0.55) and total IBDQ (r=0.50) and moderate effect size in the systemic (r=0.43), social (r=0.34) and emotional (r=0.39) domains. Therefore, constipation was highly prevalent among young undergraduate students and was associated with a poorer quality of life.
Keywords: Constipation, Students, Prevalence, Quality of life.
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Resumo: O termo “constipação intestinal” (CI) descreve sintomas relacionados à dificuldade na defecação e irregularidade do funcionamento intestinal, com evacuações de frequência reduzida ou difíceis, fezes endurecidas ou sensação de evacuação incompleta. A sua prevalência global em adultos é de 10,1%, porém há poucos estudos sobre a sua prevalência entre discentes da área da saúde, população que supostamente possui maior conhecimento para sua prevenção e que futuramente terá impacto de saúde na sociedade. Assim, este estudo teve por objetivo verificar a prevalência de CI entre discentes de graduações na área da saúde e analisar seu impacto na qualidade de vida. Foi realizado um estudo observacional transversal com amostra composta por discentes de graduações em saúde, coletando dados sociodemográficos e utilizando os critérios de ROMA IV, a Escala de Bristol e o Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ). Dentre os 161 participantes incluídos, a prevalência de CI foi de 60,9%, sendo maior entre mulheres (66,4%). Houve correlação entre a ocorrência de CI e pior qualidade de vida, medida pela pontuação no IBDQ (p<0,001 em todos os domínios e no IBDQ total), com grande tamanho de efeito no domínio intestinal (r=0,55) e IBDQ total (r=0,50) e moderado tamanho de efeito nos domínios sistêmico (r=0,43), social (r=0,34) e emocional (r=0,39). Portanto, a CI apresentou alta prevalência entre jovens discentes e relacionou-se com pior qualidade de vida.
Palavras-chave: Constipação intestinal, Discentes, Prevalência, Qualidade de vida.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17580444
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PDFReferências
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Revista Brasileira de Pesquisa em Ciências da Saúde - RBPeCS - ISSN: 2446-5577
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